S9 Subcellular Fractions for Ames Test, Micronucleus, Chromosomal Aberration Test, ADME
A wide variety of phase I and phase II enzymes.
Mixture of cytosolic and microsomal enzymes.
S9 fractions contain the microsomal and cytosolic components of the cell. S9 fractions are achieved after the first low-speed centrifugation of the tissue homogenate, located in the supernatant. S9 fractions contain both phase I and II metabolism enzymes providing an almost complete metabolite profile.
They are commonly used to measure in vitro intrinsic clearance or metabolite ID. Co-factors like UDPGA and PAPS must be used when investigating phase II metabolic pathways.